Expansion Card
It's an add-on and internal card. It is an electronic board or card which is installed into the expansion slot of a computer to give the computer a new ability, adds more function to a computer.Video cards and sound cards are common examples of PC expansion cards. A new video card added will enhance the three dimensional graphics processing power of a computer while a new sound card may improve a computer’s audio input.
Network Interface Card
It is used to c0nnect a computer to Ethernet network.the network computers communicate with each other using a given protocolor agreed upon language for transmitting data packets between the different machines known as nodes. the card acts as the liaison for the machine to both send and receive data on the LAN (local area network)
Cache Memory
Random Access Memory that a computer microprocessor can access more quickly than it can access regular RAM. As the microprocessor processes data, it looks first in the cache memory and finds the previous reading data there which is not time consuming to read data from larger memory. When you turn your computer on and load the operating system, you are loading it into the RAM . RAM can also contain a special area called a disk cache that contains the data most recently read in from the hard disk.Hard drives are very slow compared to the CPU. RAM is much faster tha the hard drive, but still 4-5 times slower than your CPU. Also, RAM is erasedif the power goes off. Cache RAM is extremely fast--it is capable of delivering data at or near the speed of the CPU.
Plug and Play(PnP)
It's a capability developed by Microsoft for its Windows 95 and then later operating systems which gives users the ability to plug a device into a computer and for the computer to recognize the device is there. It tells the software where to find various pieces of hardware such as modems, network cards, sound cards , etc. It match up physical devices with the software which operates them and to establish channels of communication between each physical device and its driver.
Sockets 
The processor socket which is also called a CPU socket is the connector on the motherboard that houses a CPU and forms the electrical interface and contact with the CPU. it uses a pin grid array where the pins on the underside of the processor connect to holes in the processor socket.
Chips (computer chips)
Computer chip is a small electronic circuit,which is also known as an integrated circuit, is one of the basic components of most kinds of electronic devices, especially computers. Computer chips are small and are made of semiconductors on which several tiny components including transistors are embedded and used to transmit electronic data signals. They became popular in the latter half of the 20th century because of their small size, low cost, high performance and ease to produce.
Slots
Its an opening in a computer where you can insert a printed circuit board.They are often called expansion slots because they allow you to expand the capabilities of a computer to add more memory, graphics capabilities, and supports for special devices. Boards which is inserted into the expansion slots are called expansion boards, expansion cards , cards, add-ins, and add-ons.
Buslines
Bus lines are the communicating electronic lines which connect different parts of the CPU to various other part on the system board of our computer. Data flows in the form of bits along the bus lines. The bus lines are like multilane pathway so the more bus lines on the system, the faster the data is transfer along the bus, then computer can run efficiently and perform the operations at a faster rate.There are several types of bus lines, some of which are as follows, Industry Standard Architecture, the bus line capacity is 16 bit. Though it is slow, it is still being used. Peripheral Component Interconnect has a speed of 64 bit which is being used widely in personal computers. Accelerated Graphics Port is mostly used for acceleration of graphics performance.
Serial Port
A port, or interface,which can be used for serial communication.A serial port is a general-purpose interface that can be used for almost any type of device, including modems, mouse, and printers and is capable of transmitting one bit at a time. With the introduction of USB, FireWire, and other faster solutions serial ports are rarely used when compared to how often they've been used in the past.
Parallel Port
Parallel port is used for connecting your own circuits to PC. The PC's parallel port can be used to perform hardware interfacing experiments. Due to the simplicity of its implementation, it is often used for interfacing with custom-made peripherals.
Universal Serial Bus
USB (Universal Serial Bus) is a way of setting up communication between a computer and peripheral devices.It is intended to replace varieties of serial and parallel ports. USB has become the standard connection method and can connect computer peripherals such as mouse, keyboards, PDAs, gamepads and joysticks, scanners, digital cameras, printers, personal media players, flash drives, and external hard drives. USB was designed for personal computers, but has become commonplace on other devices such as PDAs and video game consoles. Besides that it also acts as a power cord between a device and an AC adapter plugged into a wall plug for charging. When plugged in, everything configures automatically.
Firewire Port
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